The application of FGI solar pump inverter in the field of photovoltaic water pumps

The worldwide environmental pollution and energy shortage have compelled people to make greater efforts in the search and development of new energy sources. During the process of seeking and developing new energy sources, people naturally turned their attention to various renewable alternative energy sources. Wind energy, nuclear power, hydropower, solar energy, and photovoltaic power generation are among them. Although there are various limitations in the practical application of photovoltaic power generation, with the reduction in the cost of photovoltaic power generation and the increase in the cost of fossil fuel power generation as well as the decrease in the use of fossil energy, photovoltaic power generation is gradually entering the commercialization stage.

1.The basic principle of photovoltaic power generation

Solar cells mainly use monocrystalline silicon as the material. By using monocrystalline silicon to create a p-n junction similar to that in a diode, the working principle is similar to that of a diode. However, in a diode, the movement of holes and electrons is driven by an external electric field, while in a solar cell, the movement of holes and electrons is influenced by solar photons and radiant heat (*). That is, the so-called photovoltaic effect principle. Currently, the efficiency of photoelectric conversion, that is, the efficiency of photovoltaic cells, is approximately 13%-15% for monocrystalline silicon and 11%-13% for polycrystalline silicon. The latest technology also includes photovoltaic thin-film cells.

2. Classification of solar photovoltaic power generation systems

At present, solar photovoltaic power generation systems can be roughly classified into three types: off-grid photovoltaic energy storage systems, photovoltaic grid-connected power generation systems, and hybrid systems of the former two. The off-grid photovoltaic energy storage system is a common application method of solar energy. It has been in use for several years both domestically and internationally. The system is relatively simple and has wide adaptability. However, its limited application scope is due to the large size and difficult maintenance of a series of types of batteries.

3. The composition of solar photovoltaic systems

(1). Solar photovoltaic cells (solar substrate): They achieve photoelectric conversion.

(2). Batteries: Batteries are the key component in a photovoltaic power generation system, used to store the electricity converted from the photovoltaic cells. Currently, there are no dedicated batteries for photovoltaic systems in China; instead, conventional lead-acid batteries are used.

(3). Solar pump inverter: Its function is to convert direct current to alternating current. Therefore, the most important indicators of this component are reliability and conversion efficiency. The alternating current converted by the AC inverter maximally delivers the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic cells to the power grid or directly supplies it to electrical equipment for use.

4. Introduction to Photovoltaic water pump systems

The photovoltaic water pump system is a relatively typical integrated system of light, mechanics and electricity. It directly converts solar energy into electrical energy through solar cells, and then converts it into alternating current through the inverter process to drive an AC asynchronous motor to drive the water pump, which takes water from deep Wells, rivers, lakes, ponds and other water sources for use. This system is widely used in desert control, residents' daily life, agricultural irrigation, greenery irrigation, grassland animal husbandry, scenic area fountains, water treatment projects, etc. The photovoltaic water pump system has the following characteristics:

The photovoltaic water pump system operates fully automatically and does not require manual supervision. The system is composed of photovoltaic cells (solar panels), batteries (as per customer requirements), photovoltaic-specific frequency converters, water pumps, water storage devices, etc.

A dedicated solar pump inverter is adopted to adjust the pump speed according to the changes in sunlight intensity, so that the output power approaches the maximum power of the solar cell array. When there is sufficient sunlight, ensure that the rotational speed of the water pump does not exceed the rated speed. When the sunlight is insufficient, it will automatically stop running based on whether the set minimum operating frequency is met; otherwise, it will stop running.

The water pump is driven by a three-phase AC motor to draw water from deep Wells and inject it into the water storage tank/pool, or directly connect it to the irrigation system. According to the actual system requirements and installation conditions, different types of water pumps can be used for operation.

We can provide economical and effective solutions based on the different needs of regions and customers.

5. Characteristics and Applications of FGI Solar pump inverter

FGI frequency converters are a brand-new series of products developed through repeated field tests based on the characteristics of photovoltaic inverters. Currently, they have been widely applied in dozens of countries and regions near the equator in Asia, Africa and South America. Their excellent performance and stable and reliable operation have received unanimous praise from customers. The features of this product are as follows:

(1) Built-in high-precision photovoltaic array maximum power point tracking (MPPT) system, intelligently tracking the maximum power point, with fast response and high stability and efficiency;

(2) Detection and processing of dry operation status

(3) Water level control of the reservoir;

(4) When there is insufficient light, in combination with peripheral devices, it can achieve automatic switching with the mains power to ensure system reliability;

(5) Wide voltage adaptability range, better adapting to outdoor environments;

(6) Real-time display of system status and parameters by LED, real-time remote monitoring system based on RS485;

(7) Quick installation design, no additional maintenance required;

(8) Built-in all-round protection and diagnostic mechanism.